Upconversion nanoparticles demonstrate unique optical properties, making them attractive for applications in bioimaging, sensing, and disease management. However, their potential toxicity remains a significant concern. This review aims to provide a thorough analysis of the toxicity connected with upconversion nanoparticles. It explores various aspe

Zinc oxide is a substance renowned for its remarkable strength to safeguard delicate skin. This soothing ingredient has long been utilized in a variety of skincare products, from sunscreens to diaper rash creams, due to its exceptional protective qualities. Forming a physical barrier on the skin's exterior, zinc oxide effectively blocks harmful r